Are there any risks in IVF?

In IVF—as in most medical procedures—there are potential risks involved, and they correspond to each specific step.

In the step of ovary stimulation, ovaries may become inflamed and aching—a syndrome known as Ovarian Hyper Stimulation. In general, this syndrome is uncommon and mild. Its potential side effects include vomiting, nausea, food aversion, or feeling bloated. In 1% of the cases, more serious symptoms may occur. These symptoms include the following:

·         Acute pain in the abdomen
·         Serious vomiting or nausea
·         Less frequent urination
·         Urines of a darker color
·         Breathlessness

In the step of egg retrieval via a laparoscopic procedure, there are risks involved such as the standard ones associated with receiving anesthesia, infection, hemorrhage, and injury to the bladder, bowel, or blood vessels. A very small percentage (less than 0.1%) of patients will undergo a repair surgery for damages caused during egg retrieval.

Since the chance of multiple pregnancies is higher in all procedures of assisted reproduction, there are further risks involved related to those pregnancies, such as premature delivery.

During the stage of Embryo Transfer,  transferring more than four embryos could result in multiple pregnancies, increasing the risk for complications. In some medical literature it is stated that transferring no more than four is the optimal.

To undergo an ART process, a couple should make a major emotional, physical, and financial commitment. Emotional upheaval and stress are very frequent during those procedures and more than ever if they are not successful.